mysql - Saving the output of a Perl SQL query to a hash instead of an array -

i'm trying add argument end of command line, run search through mysql database, , list results or nothing found. i'm trying saving query data both hashes , arrays (these exercises, i'm extremely new @ perl , scripting , trying learn). however, can't figure out how same thing hash. want sql query complete, , write output hash, not invoke while function. guidance appreciated.

#!/usr/bin/perl -w use warnings; use dbi; use getopt::std;  &function1; &function2;  if ($arrayvalue != 0) {     print "no values found '$search'"."\n"};  sub function1 {  getopt('s:'); $dbh = dbi->connect("dbi:mysql:dbname=database", "root", "password")     or die $dbi::errstr;  $search = $opt_s; $sql = $dbh->selectall_arrayref(select player players_sport sport '$search'") or die $dbi::errstr; @array = map { $_->[0] } @$sql; $dbh->disconnect     or warn "disconnection failed": $dbi::errstr\n";  }  sub function2 {  @array; $arrayvalue=(); print join("\n", @array, "\n"); if(scalar (@array) == 0) {     $arrayvalue = -1 }     else {$arrayvalue = 0; };  } 

please see , read dbi documentation on selectall_hashref. returns reference hash of reference hashes.

use syntax:

$dbh->selectall_hashref($statement, $key_field[, \%attri][, @bind_values]) 

so here example of what/how returned:

my $dbh = dbi->connect($dsn, $user, $pw) or die $dbi::errstr;  $href = $dbh->selectall_hashref(q/select col1, col2, col3                                      table/, q/col1/); 

your returned structure like:

{   value1 => {       col1 => 'value1',       col2 => 'value2',       col3 => 'value3'   } } 

so follows accessing hash references:

my $href = $dbh->selectall_hashref( q/select player                                        players_sport/, q/player/ );  # $_ value of player print "$_\n" (keys %$href);  

you can access each hash record individually doing so:

$href->{$_}->{player}